Whakatau i ngā Ture Whariki o te Pāpaki me te Amerika: He Whakamārama Matatini mai i ngā Maha ki te Tohu Whakaaetanga

Whakataki

Tāpaea ā-waha o ngā whare, ko ngā pūtango hei tūtohu i ngā tikanga here kua whakaritea mō te haumaru, te toitū, me te hāpai mahi. I te Tīwai Pāremata me te Rānana, kāore i whakaaetia te hanga me te whakatūwhera i ngā pūtango ki ngā ratonga here a-rohe - Ngā Here o te Tīwai (EN) me Ngā Here o Amerika (ASTM/ANSI). Ko tēnei tuhinga ka tūtono i ngā wahanga matua e rereke ana i waenganui i ngā pūtango o te Tīwai rānei, o Amerika rānei i runga i ngā here moemata, te mahi i roto i te ahi, te whakamahiti reira, me ngā poraka whakamātau.

1. Nga Rerekenga i ngā Matāpuke me te Whirinaki

1.1 Ngā Pūtango Here o te Tīwai (EN 14351-1)

Ngā Matāpuke Nui:

Ngā pūtango inoi: EN 12519 (here mō ngā rau inoi)

Pūtāwai kahikatoa: EN 942 (nga huringa whanui mo nga pūtāwai kahikatoa)

Pūtāwai whakamahia mo te ahi: EN 16034 (me te tohu CE)

Nga ture whirinaki:

Nga ture whakarite mo te whiu me te raupapa o te pūtāwai (±1.5mm).

Nga rautaki (pērā i ngā pī, ngā pūtake) kāore e pai ki te whakarite i te EN 1906 (whakamatautau whakatōmuri).

1.2 Amerika Matua Pūtango (ANSI/BHMA A156.1)

Ngā Matāpuke Nui:

Pūtango horoi: ASTM F90 (matua pūtango horoi komitihi)

Pūtango rākau: ANSI/WDMA I.S.1-A (matua ā-motuhi)

Pūtango whakamahia mo te ahi: UL 10C (matua whakamataki ahi o te Tira Whenua U.S.)

Nga ture whirinaki:

Tirohanga e tino whai wāhi ana (±2.5mm), kua whakatārewa hei whakarite i ngā kauwhata hanga o te Amerika.

Me whakapā te wharekura ki te tohu ANSI\BHMA A156.2 (pūtango) rānei, ko A156.18 (hīnau) rānei.

2. Whakatauāki i te Whakatutuki i te Ahi

2.1 Kawau o te Ao Hētera (EN 13501-2)

Tauira Whakatutuki i te Ahi:

EI30 (whakatutuki ahi mō 30 minuta + tūranga)

EI60 (60-minuta te whakaritea i te ahi + te whakawehenga hāu)

E30 (whakaritea i te ahi anake, karekau te whakawehenga hāu)

Tauarahere: EN 1634-1 (te whakatauahi i te whakaritea i te ahi)

2.2 Pūtango Ahi o Amerika (UL 10C/NFPA 80)

Tauira Whakatutuki i te Ahi:

iwa minuti (tua karekau e taea te mīhini)

45/60/90 minita (ki te huringa o NFPA 80)

Tataki Whakamātau: UL 10C (whakamātau ahi matū wehiwehia)

3. Tauira Whakarite i te Whakaputu Kōrero

3.1 Kaupapa Poroaki Kōrero o te Tīpene (EN 14351-1 + EN ISO 717-1)

Nga Tauanga Whakaputu Kōrero:

Rw 30dB (whakamātau waihotanga iti)

Rw 40dB (whakamātau waihotanga rahi, hei tauira, rōpū hauora, hohipera)

Tauirite Whakamātau: Matataki whare (EN ISO 10140-2)

3.2 Tūra Waihotanga o Amerika (ASTM E90 + Ratonga STC)

Nga Tauanga Whakaputu Kōrero:

STC 30 (whakamātau waihotanga iti)

STC 50 (whare pūoro-tūranga)

Rautaki Whakamatau: ASTM E90 (whakamatautau matekore whitiāhua)

4. Tohu Ture me te Whakaahei Ki te Ahi Kāinga

4.1 Pūtango o te Ao Hēneti (Tohu CE + Ture CPR)

Tohu CE kua hāngai ki tōna ture i raro i te Ture Pūtake Whakahaere Mō ngā Mahi Whare (CPR).

Me hiahia ki te whakarite i te kawe mahi (DOP) me ngā tuhinga o te Whakahaere Pūmau o te Pūnaha (FPC).

4.2 Ngā Pātaka Amerika (Tohu UL / Tono ANSI)

Kāore he tohu whai wāhitanga, engari e anga whai ake ana ngā tohu UL ( hei tāupoko, UL 10C) i te whakahē o te rōpū.

Me whai kiko i te Kāwanatanga Whare Tuatahi (IBC) me ngā ture whenua (hei tauira, Te Taitara 24 o Kalifōrnia).

5. Utu me te Āhuatanga Whakawhitiwhiti

Pūtanga o Nga Kapaerangi o te Tiriti Whakawhitiwhiti o Ingarangi Rārangi Kapaerangi o Amerika

Utu Tohu Matua (CE + whakamatautau tuatahi) Iti (tohu ā-waha, taea e UL)

Nga Tikanga Whakaae Matea (±1.5mm) Maha rawa (±2.5mm)

Nga Waahi Whakarite EU, Taihiku (noaiho, UAE) Nga Waka o Amerika, Rānana (noaiho, Singapoa)

Kei te maha rawa ngā kapaerangi o te Tiriti Whakawhitiwhiti: Nga tikanga matua mo nga whakaae, te whiuheke i te ahi, me te tahuri i te waha, ka whakarite i a ratau ki te hanga hou pai.

Kei ngā tūrangi o Ameika te whakarite: He iti ngā utu whakamana, engari me whai wāhi ki ngā kōwhiringa whenua (hei tauira, Te Taitara 24 o Karifēnī).

Ngā whakaaro mōmori mō ngā hanganga:

Mō ngā hokohoko i te EN: Whiwhi i te tohu CE me whakapae i ngā rahi whakauru whakahirahira.

Mō te whakauru i te rōpū U.S.: Whakaae ki ngā pūtanga UL/ANSI, ēngari nui atu te tirohanga ki ngā take ahi (NFPA 80) me te whakamutunga huruhuru (tohu Miami-Dade).

Ko tēnei tirohanga e whakaatu ana i ngā wahinga i waenganui i ngā pūnaha tūrangi o Eropi me Aemeika e whakawhanangia ana i te hoahoa o te mahi, ko te whakamana, te tūpato, me te whakaaetanga ture. Me whakarite i mua ngā kāwanatanga pūnaha mō ngā kaupapa tuatahitia e ngā kāwanatanga.

Pūtea：

Ki te pai koe i ngā wāhi tukutuku ahi, ā, e kore nei koe e mōhio ana he aha te toenga hei whiwhi mō tō kaupapa, tēnā taea e mātou nei tētahi whakaaro pai, whakapai i ngā hiahia a koutou.

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