Zingqina ezinzeni kuzo usetyenziswa kwiqheleni lwezindlela zemfazwe

Abantu ababini babafuna ukwazi lwamagama esetyenziswayo kwiqheleni lwezindlela zemfazwe xa baphumelela ukuthi. Ngokulandelayo, ukufakwa kokuphuma kwesizatu sasendaweni asikho ngenxa yalendawo alo. Leli nqaku leza ngokuqinisekisa imigomo yomoya weziqhamo lokusebenzela amagama kwiqheleni lwezindlela zemfazwe.

Imigomo yesicwangciso sesizatu sokuphuma kweziqhamo zeziqheleni lwezindlela zemfazwe nge-UL (Underwriters Laboratories) kunye no-CE (Conformité Européenne)

Ama-UL kunye ne-CE amalayithi akhonyo ezifundzisayo zilayishwa imigomo yamandla kunye nemibuzo ezikhoyo zimakhiwo ezisebenzisi kwiindlela zakhiwo zemagama. Kodwa, le mibuzo ayiqinisekanga amakhiwo amasentsha kodwa zivumela umandla wakhiwo, uphumulani kunye nokulamazisana ngokuthi iziphumselelo nge-teste.

Ulayenti lwe-UL (yinto yokuba ANSI/UL 10B, ANSI/UL 10C Izicatshululo)

Ulayenti lwe-UL ulufokusela kwisebe somphumelelo womphathiso wesikhiwo esethweni senqanawe kunye namakhiwo amasentsha. Zikhiwo zomphathiso zidlule ukutesta kakhulu ngezilimi ezindala zokukhula kwesikhiwo, iziteste zokuphumulani kunye nezi-teste zokubheka umoya. Imibuzo yakhiwo eziphawuliyo zingavumelekanga:

• Isibini somoya wokuvala:

• Amakhiwo kufuneka aziphumele kuqukuqumbeni ekugcineni lokusha ngendawo elilinganayo (ngokuba, 20, 60, 90 imizuzu noma 3 ijamini, ngokusebenza ngenxalenye yokukhula) ngaphandle komphathiso omkhulu, ukukhombisa noma ukusetyenziswa.
• Amakhiwo amahhwebhu (ngokuba, amakhiwo we-mineral kwiindlela zakhiwo zeqhaka noma mineral wool, honeycomb paper kwiindlela zemakhiwo enyangeleyo) kufuneka zihlobene nokungasebenza kakhulu kwi-qukuqumbeni nokukhombisa.
• Izixhobo zomphathisi (ngokusho, izivene zemibhodi yewudi noma amaphepu amanjesi yemibhodi wejeki) kufuneka zilimite ukuphelela kwesithuthi kunye nokuvumelela nekhetho lweFlame Spread Rating waseUL.

• Izixhobo Zokusema Intumescent:

• Amabhedu omnyama kufuneka azise intumescent ezinakaleyo (ngokusho, ezityhalayo kwi-graphite noma i-sodium silicate) ezizenzakalelayo ngemvula enkulu yokugcina imigqabi, ukusuka ukulayisha isithuthi kunye namandla (UL 1784).
• Lamanye amaxhalelo akufuneka aphothe i UL certification tests ukuvumela ukubenza kakhulu kunye nokuhlola.

• Amaphendulo kunye nemikhwekiso:

• Izixhobo zomphoqo nezindlela ezimbili (ngokusho, i-phenolic noma i-urea-formaldehyde resins) kufuneka zibekwe ngokuphakamisayo ukuthi zikhophe umsebenzi wabo ngaphandle komoya okugcineni kwesikhephe.
• Amanqaku nokubaleka kokuthola kwezindlela zesiNkabi kufuneka azisebenzele kulandelayo lokulandela nokukhophela.

Imigomo yeMaterial yokuCertify yaseCE yeesikhephe

Ukuhlawulwa kwe-CE, ngokusebenzisa izicatshulwa ze-Europe (ngokusho, EN 1634-1, CE14351-1 ), ifethile kwiindlela zokuphucumeka kwezilimi ezimbili. Ngokubanzi, CE kunye noUL uyafokusela kwisebe esikwenene kodwa iyayigqibela amanxaso amaphandle kwamathari:

• Ukubuyisela kweMateri aliwe ngeUmthondulo wOkugcwaliswa:

• Amanxango akufunekayo ukubuyisakwa ngokusebenza kwegcino lwezifundo elihlukeleleyo CE14351-1 (ngokushesha, A1, A2, B yonke amathari alingena okanye amathari angaphantsi). Ngesikhatsi, amathari amancane ezilandelayo kwindawo yokugcwaliswa yasekuhlulekileyo zizoba zimemeze i-A1 (alikwazi lokugcwaliswa) okanye i-A2 (ukugcwaliswa kulula).
• Amathari amancane zakwiindlela zemoto (ngokushesha, ikhalsidi lekhalkhiso yenkabi okanye amabhothi we-Magnesium Oxide) okanye amathari athisha zakwiindlela zesiti (ngokushesha, umathali wesithuthi okanye iglass fiber) zifunekayo zivumele ngokulandelayo nokugcwaliswa.

• Ukubulala kwaye Ukusiselela:

• Iimaterelya zokubulala ezintathu zilungilelwa kunye nokuba zizame ngokukhupha ngemvume elincinci lokuncedisi, uzokusetyenziswa nge EN 1363-1 (isicelo sokuthi ukuba umthombo wakwesayithi ususele).
• Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwesayithi lwebhedza (I-value) lingalungilelwa nge imibuzo, ungene ukuba amaxwebhu angaphakathi kunye namaxwebhu esisintsontso siphakade ukususa ukuhlola kokuhlola ukumoya wendawo engasayithi.

• Amaterelya Angaphandle Kube:

• Amaterelya angaphandle kube ayigxile amaterelya alendawo elincinci lokuncedisi kunye nezinto eziphathelayo, kanye nokuba zikhethwe ne EN 1634-1 izicelo zokuthi zisebenze ngokukhanya lokuncedisi.

Ngubani Ukhethe Ama-door Eziqondisiwe?
Ngaphandle kokuhlula amandla okuqukethwe kumaziko eziphakathi nezidingo zokugcina, ama-door eziqondisiwe ezifinyeleleyo ezixhasa uquketelelo lwezinto ezisetyenziswa kunye nempumelelo yezinto ezizityenziswa. Okunyelekileyo akufumane inxalenye yokuthenga ngokukhangelwa ukuba umthombo wamathathu wesetyenziswa kunye nokulandelayo kuyahlala kuvumela. Ama-door eziqondisiwe ezifinyeleleyo ezibekwe ndawo enkulu yenqanawe kunye nomkhonto wokuqinisekisa ukusureka lokuncedisi.

XZIC iyithetha imibiko yobucopho eliphihlwe, evakalise UL kunye no CE ngemva kokuba kuma-door embovu kunye nemali wasekelenti esikhundleni sengxenyeni. Uma ungenayo imibuzo yokuthenga ama-door, ngaphezulu komnyango wesimo, uzodinga ukuxoxa nethu:

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